Doctor’s Note: Psoriasis vs Eczema - How to Tell!

As dermatologists, we see many patients with skin conditions, including psoriasis and eczema. While both can cause skin irritation and discomfort, they are different conditions with unique symptoms and causes. Understanding these differences can help you manage your symptoms and choose the right treatment.

What is Psoriasis?

Psoriasis is a chronic condition that causes the skin to become red, inflamed, and covered with thick, silvery scales. It occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, leading to rapid skin cell growth. This can result in patches of skin that are itchy, painful, and sometimes bleed.

Common symptoms of psoriasis include:

  • Red patches of skin covered with thick, silvery scales

  • Dry, cracked skin that may bleed

  • Itching or burning sensations

  • Thickened or pitted nails

  • Swollen and stiff joints (in cases of psoriatic arthritis)

The exact cause of psoriasis is not fully understood. However, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Triggers can include:

  • Stress

  • Infections (such as strep throat)

  • Injuries to the skin (like cuts or sunburn)

  • Certain medications (such as lithium or beta-blockers)

Psoriasis on elbows
Scalp Psoriasis Behind Ear
Psoriasis: Dry, Cracked Skin
Itchy Psoriasis

What is Eczema?

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. It often begins in childhood but can occur at any age. Eczema is not contagious, but it can be uncomfortable and lead to significant skin irritation.

Common symptoms of eczema include:

  • Dry, sensitive skin

  • Intense itching, which can be worse at night

  • Red, inflamed patches of skin

  • Scaly or leathery skin

  • Oozing or crusting in severe cases

The exact cause of eczema is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve genetic factors and the immune system. Triggers for eczema can include:

  • Allergens (such as pollen, pet dander, or dust mites)

  • Irritants (like soaps, detergents, or certain fabrics)

  • Weather changes (especially dry or cold conditions)

  • Stress

Eczema Arm
Eczema Neck
Eczema Leg
Eczema Back of Knees

Psoriasis vs Eczema Summary

Psoriasis and eczema are both long-lasting skin problems, but they have different features. Both can cause discomfort and make the skin inflamed, but they look different, show up in different areas of the body, and have different causes. Because of these differences, it is important to get the right diagnosis to treat them effectively.

Eczema in Adults
Eczema

Eczema

Location: Front of Neck, Inner Arm Creases, Back of Knees, Hands, Hands, Feet
Symptoms: VERY itchy
Appearance: Less well-defined (it's hard to see exactly where the rash starts/stops)
Cause: Genetic and environmental factors
Age: More common in children
Note: Often improves with age

Psoriasis in Adults
Psoriasis

Psoriasis

Location: Scalp, Back of Neck, Elbows, Belly Button, Lower Back/Upper Butt, Front of Knees
Symptoms: Somewhat itchy
Appearance: Well-defined (you can clearly see where the rash starts/stops). Thick, white scale.
Cause: Autoimmune
Age: More common in adults
Note: May involve nails and joints

FAQ

What is the difference between eczema and psoriasis?
Eczema is typically characterized by itchy, red, and inflamed patches that may ooze or crust, while psoriasis features thicker, scaly patches that can appear silvery or white. Psoriasis is an autoimmune condition, while eczema is often linked to allergies or irritants.

Is psoriasis the same as eczema?
No, psoriasis and eczema are different conditions. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disorder, while eczema is primarily caused by environmental factors, allergies, or genetic predisposition.

Can you have psoriasis and eczema?
Yes, it is possible to have both psoriasis and eczema, though they are distinct conditions with separate triggers and treatment approaches.

Can eczema turn into psoriasis?
Eczema does not turn into psoriasis. However, someone can be diagnosed with both conditions as they can coexist in the same individual.

How to tell the difference between eczema and psoriasis?
Eczema often presents with intense itching and oozing in skin folds or areas exposed to irritants. Psoriasis typically causes thicker, scaly patches on the scalp, elbows, knees, or lower back, and is often less itchy than eczema.

Is castor oil good for eczema and psoriasis?
Castor oil may help with both eczema and psoriasis due to its moisturizing and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its effectiveness varies, and it’s best to patch test before use.